Unraveling Psoriasis: Symptoms, Types, Causes & Treatment

Author: Nidhi Sood on Mar 21,2024
Diagram showing psoriasis on human hand illustration

Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune condition that affects millions worldwide, yet its complexities can often be misunderstood. In this comprehensive guide, we delve into the intricacies of psoriasis, exploring its symptoms, various types, underlying causes, and the diverse treatment options available. Whether you're seeking a deeper understanding of this condition or navigating its challenges firsthand, this blog aims to shed light on psoriasis, empowering individuals to make informed decisions about their health and well-being.

What is Psoriasis?

Psoriasis is a skin condition that accelerates the skin cell turnover process, causing new cells to rapidly accumulate on the surface of the skin. This results in the formation of thick, scaly patches known as plaques. These plaques can appear anywhere on the body but are most common on the elbows, knees, scalp, and lower back. While genetics play a significant role in the development of psoriasis, environmental factors, and a compromised immune system can also trigger flare-ups.

Common Symptoms of Psoriasis

Woman suffering from psoriasis

Symptoms of psoriasis vary depending on the type, with plaque psoriasis being the most prevalent. Common symptoms include:

  • Plaques: These may appear red on lighter skin or dark brown/purplish on darker skin, often covered with silver-colored scales. They can be itchy painful, and may crack or bleed, merging to cover larger areas in severe cases.
  • Nail Issues: Changes in color, small pits, crumbling, or detachment from the nail bed can occur in fingernails and toenails.
  • Scalp Involvement: Plaques, scales, or crusts may develop on the scalp.

Additionally, individuals with psoriasis may develop psoriatic arthritis, causing joint pain and swelling, affecting 10% to 30% of those with psoriasis, according to the National Psoriasis Foundation.

Causes and Triggers of Psoriasis

Causes of Psoriasis

While the exact cause of psoriasis is unknown, it is believed to be a combination of genetic, immune, and environmental factors. Genetic predisposition plays a significant role in the development of psoriasis, with a family history of the condition increasing one's risk. Immune system dysfunction also plays a role in psoriasis, as the body's immune response triggers inflammation and rapid skin cell growth. Environmental triggers such as stress, infections, certain medications, and cold weather can exacerbate psoriasis symptoms and lead to flare-ups.

Types Of Psoriasis

Psoriasis types

Psoriasis manifests in various types, including:

Chronic Plaque Psoriasis

There are two further types. Stable- which is characterized by clearly defined, consistent lesions that remain relatively unchanged over time. These plaques typically appear symmetrically across the body and maintain a consistent appearance. In contrast, unstable plaque psoriasis is marked by rapidly changing lesions in terms of size and appearance. The dynamic nature of these lesions makes it difficult to predict the progression of the condition. 

You may also likeChronic Plaque Psoriasis: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

Pustular Psoriasis

Characterized by discolored, scaly skin accompanied by tiny pustules, typically occurring on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet. 

Must ReadWhat Is Pustular Psoriasis? The Condition and Its Management

Guttate Psoriasis

Often initiated in childhood or young adulthood, this type presents as small, pink, red, brown, or purple spots primarily on the torso and limbs. Triggers may include respiratory infections, stress, skin injury, or certain medications.

Read moreWhat is Guttate Psoriasis? Symptoms, Causes And More

Inverse Psoriasis

Recognized by shiny lesions in skin folds like the armpits, groin, and under the breasts. On lighter skin, lesions are bright red, while on darker skin, they appear darker than the surrounding skin, possibly purplish or brown.

Check Out: Exploring Effects Of Inverse Psoriasis And Its Management

Erythrodermic Psoriasis

Characterized by intense skin discoloration and shedding of scales in sheets, often triggered by severe sunburn, infections, medication changes, or cessation of certain psoriasis treatments. Immediate treatment of Erythrodermic Psoriasis is necessary due to its potential to cause severe illness.

Diagnosing Psoriasis

Diagnosing psoriasis typically involves a physical examination and a review of the individual's medical history. A dermatologist may examine the skin, nails, and scalp for signs of psoriasis, such as red patches, silvery scales, and pitted nails. In some cases, a skin biopsy may be performed to confirm the diagnosis. Additionally, blood tests may be conducted to rule out other conditions that may mimic psoriasis, such as eczema or fungal infections.

Is psoriasis contagious?

Psoriasis is non-contagious, meaning it cannot be transmitted through direct contact with someone who has the condition. Since it involves the immune system, it is an internal disorder despite its external manifestations on the skin.

Psoriasis Risk Factors

Genetics

Genes, which carry instructions for cell function, play a significant role in psoriasis. Over 80 genes have been identified in individuals with psoriasis, suggesting a multifactorial origin. While approximately 10 out of 100 people carry genes associated with psoriasis, only a fraction of them develop the condition.

Alcohol

Excessive alcohol consumption, particularly among younger males, increases the risk of psoriasis. Moreover, alcohol intake may diminish the effectiveness of treatments.

Smoking

Smoking can double the risk of developing psoriasis, especially in individuals with a familial predisposition. It is also associated with resistance to treatment and is closely linked to pustular psoriasis, a challenging-to-manage form of the condition affecting the hands and feet.

Psoriasis Demographics

Psoriasis affects approximately 2%-3% of the global population and about 3% of individuals in the United States. Its prevalence varies across different cultures, with higher occurrences observed in northern Europe and lower occurrences in eastern Asia.

Stages of Psoriasis

Psoriasis does not have distinct stages but may worsen over time if left untreated. Seeking medical advice promptly is crucial to prevent the progression to severe psoriasis or the development of complications.

Psoriasis Pathophysiology

Psoriasis arises from dysregulation of immune system signaling, where immune cells trigger inflammation and accelerate skin cell turnover instead of defending the body against pathogens. This aberrant immune response leads to the characteristic symptoms of psoriasis, including redness, scaling, and inflammation of the skin.

Complications of Psoriasis

Psoriasis may lead to several complications. Discuss these potential issues with your doctor upon receiving a diagnosis:

  • Eye conditions such as conjunctivitis (pinkeye)
  • Psoriatic arthritis
  • Certain types of cancers
  • Obesity
  • Heart disease
  • Mental health challenges, including depression and low self-esteem
  • Type 2 diabetes
  • Hypertension (high blood pressure)
  • Other autoimmune diseases, such as Crohn's disease, celiac disease, and sclerosis

Treatment Options for Psoriasis

dermatologist wearing gloves examines the skin of a sick patient

There is no cure for psoriasis, but various treatment options are available to manage symptoms and improve quality of life. 

Medical Management Of Psoriasis

  • Corticosteroid creams
  • Prescription topical cream roflumilast (Zoryve)
  • Moisturizers for dry skin
  • Salicylic acid
  • Coal tar (used for scalp psoriasis in lotions, creams, foams, shampoos, and bath solutions)
  • Vitamin D-based cream or ointment (a potent type prescribed by doctors)
  • Retinoid creams
  • Calcineurin inhibitors
  • Anthralin

For moderate to severe cases, treatments may include:

  • Methotrexate
  • Retinoids (oral and topical)
  • Cyclosporine
  • Biologic treatments:
  • Adalimumab (Humira)
  • Brodalumab (Siliq)
  • Certolizumab-pegol (Cimzia)
  • Etanercept (Enbrel)
  • Golimumab (Simponi)
  • Guselkumab (Tremfya)
  • Infliximab (Avsola, Inflectra, Remicade)
  • Ixekizumab (Taltz)
  • Risankizumab (Skyrizi)
  • Secukinumab (Cosentyx)
  • Tildrakizumab (Ilumya, Ilumetri)
  • Ustekinumab (Stelara) 

Non-Biological Treatments include:

  • Light therapy, including psoralen plus ultraviolet-A radiation (PUVA)
  • Tofacitinib (Xeljanz)
  • Enzyme inhibitors like apremilast (Otezla) and deucravacitinib (Sotyktu)
  • Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) agonist tapinarof (Vtama)

Alternative treatments and home remedies may include:

  • Topical creams containing Oregon grape
  • Humidity
  • Topical creams containing capsaicin
  • Omega-3 fatty acids
  • Aloe vera
  • Oat baths

While these natural therapies may offer relief, their effectiveness varies, and they are considered complementary rather than primary treatments for psoriasis. Always consult with a healthcare professional before trying any alternative treatments. 

Living With Psoriasis

Lifestyle Changes 

In addition to medical treatment, certain lifestyle changes can help individuals manage psoriasis effectively. Avoiding triggers such as stress, smoking, and excessive alcohol consumption can also help prevent psoriasis flare-ups.

Exercise

Regular exercise is a cornerstone of managing psoriasis symptoms and promoting overall well-being. Engaging in physical activity not only helps to maintain a healthy weight but also contributes to stress reduction and improved sleep quality. By incorporating regular exercise into your routine, you can effectively manage psoriasis and enhance your overall quality of life.

Psoriasis Diet

While no specific foods are known to cause psoriasis, certain dietary choices may exacerbate symptoms. These include:

  • Alcohol
  • Dairy products
  • Refined carbohydrates
  • Saturated and trans fats
  • Added sugars
  • Gluten

Costs Associated with Psoriasis

The financial burden of psoriasis can be significant, with out-of-pocket expenses averaging at least $12,500 annually. This encompasses direct costs like medications, medical appointments, and procedures, as well as indirect costs such as missed workdays, transportation expenses, and therapy sessions. Individuals with moderate to severe psoriasis may face higher average costs, approximately $21,400 per year. Those treated with biologics typically incur the highest expenses, averaging around $29,800 annually. These discrepancies in costs stem from variations in the types of medications used for treatment.

Coping with Psoriasis Emotionally

Living with psoriasis can take a toll on one's emotional well-being, as the visible symptoms of the condition can impact self-esteem and confidence. It is essential for individuals with psoriasis to seek support from healthcare professionals, support groups, and loved ones to cope with the emotional impact of the condition. Cognitive-behavioral therapy, mindfulness practices, and relaxation techniques can also help you take care of yourself and manage stress and anxiety related to psoriasis.

Managing Psoriasis: Tips For Better Control

Develop a Skincare Routine:

Establish a daily skincare regimen, particularly in facial psoriasis, that includes gentle cleansing with mild, fragrance-free products and regular moisturizing to keep the skin hydrated and reduce irritation. 

Avoid Triggers:

Identify and avoid triggers that exacerbate your psoriasis symptoms. Common triggers include stress, certain foods, alcohol consumption, smoking, and environmental factors like cold weather or dry air.

Maintain a Healthy Lifestyle:

Prioritize a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and whole grains. Regular exercise can help reduce stress and inflammation, benefiting overall health and potentially improving psoriasis symptoms.

Manage Stress:

Practice stress-reduction techniques such as meditation, deep breathing exercises, yoga, or mindfulness to minimize the impact of stress on your psoriasis. Consider counseling or therapy if stress management becomes challenging.

Stay Hydrated:

Drink plenty of water to keep your skin hydrated from the inside out. Hydration can help prevent dryness and itching associated with psoriasis flare-ups.

Avoid Skin Trauma:

Be gentle with your skin to prevent exacerbating psoriasis lesions. Avoid scratching or picking at plaques, and use soft, non-abrasive fabrics for clothing and bedding.

Use Sun Protection:

While sunlight can benefit some individuals with psoriasis, excessive sun exposure can trigger flare-ups or worsen symptoms. Use sunscreen with a high SPF and protective clothing when spending time outdoors.

Follow Treatment Plans:

Adhere to your prescribed treatment plan, whether it includes topical creams, phototherapy, oral medications, or biologic injections. Consistency is key to managing symptoms and the side effects of Psoriasis treatment effectively.

Monitor Symptoms:

Keep track of your psoriasis symptoms, triggers, and treatment responses in a journal or app. This information can help you and your healthcare provider make informed decisions about adjustments to your management plan.

Seek Support:

Connect with support groups, online communities, or counseling services to share experiences, receive advice, and find emotional support from others living with psoriasis. 

Also read: 10 Best Shampoos for Psoriasis to Help Manage Your Condition

Remember that managing psoriasis is a journey, and finding the right combination of strategies may take time. Be patient with yourself, stay informed about your condition, and collaborate closely with your healthcare team to optimize your treatment and improve your quality of life.

Psoriasis Prognosis

Psoriasis typically manifests in early adulthood and can vary in severity, ranging from localized patches to widespread involvement. While psoriasis is a chronic condition characterized by periods of remission and flare-ups, effective treatment options can significantly alleviate symptoms and improve outcomes, even in severe cases. Although there is currently no cure for psoriasis, managing inflammation through treatment can reduce the risk of associated conditions such as heart disease and stroke.

Health Disparities Associated With Psoriasis

Psoriasis affects various racial and ethnic groups differently. Research indicates that White individuals exhibit the highest prevalence of psoriasis compared to other demographics. However, studies suggest that individuals from other racial and ethnic backgrounds may underreport their symptoms in comparison to White individuals. This disparity could stem from a lack of trust in the healthcare system and the financial burden associated with accessing treatment.

Research and Advances in Psoriasis Treatment

Ongoing research and clinical trials are continually improving our understanding of psoriasis and leading to innovative treatment options. New biologic medications, targeted therapies, and gene-based treatments are being developed to provide more effective and personalized care for individuals with psoriasis. By staying informed about the latest advancements in psoriasis research, individuals can access cutting-edge treatment options and improve their quality of life.

Conclusion

In conclusion, navigating psoriasis necessitates a multifaceted approach that encompasses understanding its symptoms, causes, treatment options, and coping mechanisms. By delving into these aspects, individuals can take proactive steps toward managing their condition and enhancing their overall well-being. From adopting lifestyle modifications to exploring innovative treatment modalities, there exists a spectrum of strategies to mitigate the impact of psoriasis. It's crucial to recognize that with the right support network and access to resources, individuals living with psoriasis can not only overcome challenges but also flourish and lead fulfilling lives despite the complexities of this chronic autoimmune disease.

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mg oil

Magnesium Oil: Uses, Benefits, and Daily Wellness Tips

 Despite the name, magnesium oil isn't an actual oil. It's a simple mix of magnesium chloride flakes and water that feels slightly oily when sprayed on the skin. People use it to restore magnesium levels without swallowing pills or powders. Since magnesium plays a part in hundreds of bodily functions, it's no surprise that this topical method has become so popular.Magnesium helps regulate muscles, nerves, blood pressure, and even mood. When levels drop, fatigue, restlessness, or muscle cramps can start showing up. That's where magnesium oil spray helps, it's a quick, natural way to support what your body already needs.How Magnesium Oil Supports the BodyThe majority of people cannot get enough magnesium from their diet. The use of magnesium oil offers additional support to the body, especially during physically or mentally draining times. Even though the amount of magnesium absorbed through the skin is still a subject of discussion among scientists, numerous users feel the benefits after using it on a daily basis.Let's see how it goes:Muscle tension relief: Soreness and stiffness after long days or workouts are alleviated.Mind calming: Unwinding the body before sleep, thus enhancing sleep quality.Nerve health support: Shadowed muscle coordination and relaxation.Skincare enhancement: Ensures skin stays balanced and less reactive gradually.Whether it's the mineral itself or the act of massaging it in, magnesium oil spray often leaves you feeling lighter and more at ease.Related Reads: Understanding The Immune-Boosting Benefits Of Oregano OilBenefits and Uses of Magnesium OilHere are the top benefits and uses of magnesium oil that makes it a must use oil:1. Relieves Muscle Fatigue and StiffnessAnyone who trains, travels, or sits at a desk too long knows how tight muscles can get. Applying magnesium oil directly to sore spots helps them relax. It works best on the calves, shoulders, or lower back after physical activity.Magnesium supports muscle recovery and helps reduce post-workout soreness. Many athletes rely on it because it helps the body bounce back faster without relying on heavy creams or pain gels.2. Improves Sleep and Reduces StressMagnesium is an essential nutrient that promotes the body's relaxation process while regulating the nervous system. Applying magnesium oil on feet or shoulders before sleep informs the body to relax. Gradually, it can contribute to better sleep and less frequent awakenings at night.Moreover, it becomes a soothing ritual - the spray, the massage, and the silence that follows. Such little habit before sleep helps the brain to turn off and makes getting to sleep feel like a breeze.3. Calms Skin and Reduces InflammationSkin health is another underrated benefit of magnesium oil spray. Magnesium can help regulate overactive oil glands, soothe redness and improve skin texture. Long-time users frequently report that their skin is softer and less reactive.A few sprays after exfoliating or shaving can also be a great help to the skin. Just don't forget to do a patch test first since it might hurt a little on delicate areas.4. Promotes Healthy Nerves and Blood FlowMagnesium supports nerve communication and circulation. Regularly using magnesium oil spray may improve how your muscles and nerves work together. Some people say it helps reduce that heavy, achy feeling in their legs after standing or walking for hours.The gentle tingling that comes after spraying isn't harmful - it's simply the skin reacting to the mineral. That mild sensation usually fades with regular use.5. Quick, Natural, and Easy to UseThe advantages of magnesium oil start with how convenient it is. You don't need to remember pills or worry about digestion. Just spray, massage, and leave it on. The body absorbs what it needs, and the rest is wiped off later.You can use it right after a shower, before bed, or even post-workout. It fits easily into your day and doesn't require any prep. Once you start using it regularly, it becomes as natural as applying lotion.Must Read: Exploring the Benefits of Golden Milk: The Health WondersMagnesium Oil on Feet: A Simple Night RoutineUsing magnesium oil on feet before bed is one of the easiest ways to build consistency. The soles of the feet have large pores, which may help with better absorption. Plus, massaging your feet naturally relaxes the body.Spray five to ten times per foot, rub it in gently, and let it sit for 20 minutes or overnight. You'll wake up feeling lighter and more rested. Doing this every night can subtly improve sleep and mood over time.Real Advantages of Magnesium OilThe advantages of magnesium oil go beyond just muscle relief. Here's why daily use is a great idea:No swallowing or stomach upset: Digestion is totally avoided, which is a plus if oral magnesium does not agree with you.Localized results: Apply it where your body needs attention - no guesswork.Fast-acting: It works in minutes after applying..Natural calm: It supports your body in relieving stress without heavy supplementation.Versatile: It can be integrated into any wellness program, whether it is for fitness recovery or skincare.It won't completely compensate for dietary magnesium, but it's a simple and effective addition that can really change the way your body feels.How to Apply Magnesium Oil the Right WayAlways patch test: Apply it to a small area first to ensure that your skin tolerates it well.Use post shower: Apply the product to your skin when it is open, clean and dry.Gently massage: By rubbing it in, the body takes in the substance more easily.Keep it on for 15-20 minutes: Then rinse or wipe off if it feels sticky.Start with a small amount: First spray a few times and then gradually increase as your body gets used to it.At first, a light tingling sensation is normal, especially if your magnesium levels are low. However, this will go away with regular use as your body gets used to it.More to discover: Wonders of Lavender Oil: Benefits, Uses, and Side EffectsConclusionMagnesium oil is one of those small daily habits that silently support overall health. It helps the body to relax, recover and reset. You may use magnesium oil spray after workouts or prefer magnesium oil on feet before bed, but it adds a layer of natural care that feels effortless.The benefits of magnesium oil are straightforward-relaxation of muscles, better sleep, and improved skin. It is not a miracle cure but a gentle and effective step towards the realization of better health from the inside out.If you're looking for one easy addition to your wellness routine, start here. A few sprays a day can make more difference than you'd expect.

grover's disease

What is Grover's Disease, Its Causes & Common Symptoms?

 You will notice that sometimes the skin reacts in ways that people don't expect, and out of nowhere, small red bumps show up that do not stop itching.This allergyis known as Grover's disease. It is not a very common skin allergy, but when it appears, it can be both irritating and confusing.This guide will help you learn through what is Grover's disease, its causes, and how you can deal with it.What is Grover's Disease?Grover's disease is a short-term skin condition that mainly affects adults, especially men over 40. Doctors sometimes call it transient acantholytic dermatosis. The word "transient" means it usually doesn't last forever. It comes and goes, often disappearing after a few weeks or months.The allergy usually causes rashes around your chest or back area. You will see that the rashes are small and the red bumps may even feel rough when you touch them. Lastly, the itching can differ from person to person because some people experience mild itching, whereas some suffer a lot.Always remember that Grover's allergy is not a dangerous disease, but can be extremely disturbing for your day to day life.Must Read: What Is Pustular Psoriasis? The Condition and Its ManagementUnderstanding What Causes Grover's DiseaseThe exact cause of Grover's disease is still to be discovered, but there are some factors that doctors have noticed can cause this allergy. You can find them in the following list:Heat and SweatMany cases begin after someone has been sweating a lot. Heat and trapped sweat under the skin can irritate the area and trigger a rash. People who spend time in hot environments or have been bedridden for long periods are more likely to get it.Dry Skin and AgingAs people age, skin becomes thinner and loses moisture. This makes it easier for irritation to develop. Grover's disease is more common in older adults because their skin barrier isn't as strong as it once was.Sun DamageYears of exposure to the sun can also make the skin weaker and more sensitive. Damaged skin may react more easily, and this can sometimes lead to conditions like Grover's disease.Other Skin StressesThings like long, hot showers, tight clothing, or certain soaps can irritate the skin and make symptoms worse. Sometimes, even a small irritation can start the cycle.List of Common Symptoms of Grover's DiseaseThe symptoms of Grover's disease are not always the same for all. Therefore, the following points include the different signs of this allergy:Red Bumps or Spots: The red bumps can be flat or raised and can also potentially form small blisters. These rashes can appear suddenly and quickly spread across your chest, back, and shoulder area.Itching: This is one of the most common signs of the Grover's allergy. It is also important for you to know that the itching can increase significantly if your skin gets hot or sweaty.Burning or Irritation: In many cases, people have described that they experience a mild burning feeling because of the rashes. Therefore, you should consider not rubbing or pressing those rashes because it can trigger such scenarios.The rash usually lasts a few weeks, though for some people it can stay longer. It may fade and then return later. While it can look worrying, it's usually harmless and does not spread from person to person.Learn How to Treat Grover's DiseaseTreatment for Grover's disease focuses on easing discomfort and helping the rash heal faster. Since it often goes away on its own, care usually involves reducing irritation and keeping the skin calm.Cool CompressesYou should apply a cool or damp cloth to the rash because it will provide you relieve from itching and reduce the redness. It also calms the burning sensation that can come with the rash.Topical CreamsDoctors may suggest creams that reduce inflammation. These creams can help control itching and speed up healing.Avoid Heat and SweatStaying in cool places and wearing loose cotton clothes helps keep the skin dry. Avoiding hot showers and saunas also prevents flare-ups.MoisturizersUsing gentle and fragrance-free moisturizers that can help repair the dry skin and protect it from irritation. Always remember that moist skin heals fasters and better.AntihistaminesThese are sometimes used to reduce itching. They help calm allergic reactions and make it easier to sleep if the itch is keeping someone awake.Most people recover within a few weeks with basic care. However, for those with severe or long-lasting symptoms, a doctor might prescribe stronger treatments.Top Pick: Effective Management: Side Effects of Psoriasis TreatmentsHelpful Tips for Managing Grover's DiseaseYou can check the following list to find some helpful tips for managing Grover's disease.1. Stay Cool and DryOne of the best ways to manage Grover's disease is to keep the body cool. Heat tends to make the rash worse. Airy clothes and light fabrics can make a big difference. Staying in air-conditioned rooms during hot days helps too.2. Keep the Skin Clean and MoisturizedGentle cleansing is important. Avoid harsh soaps or scrubs that remove natural oils from the skin. After a bath, a soft towel pat and a mild moisturizer can help lock in moisture.3. Avoid Scratching the RashScratching may bring short relief but can make things worse later. It can break the skin and lead to infections. If the itching becomes hard to handle, a cool compress or prescribed cream can be a safer way to ease it.These small steps, when followed regularly, can help the skin recover faster and prevent future flare-ups.How to Live a Happy Life With Grover's DiseaseLiving with Grover's allergy can be highly frustrating because it can happen without any kind of warning. However, if you show proper care and patience, recovering from this disease is completely possible.All you need to do is just follow some simple habits daily, like keeping your skin cool, staying hydrated, and using gentle moisturizers.It's also helpful to avoid long exposure to the sun or heat and wear breathable clothes that don't rub against the skin. Once the rash heals, taking care of the skin helps reduce the chance of it returning.ConclusionGrover's disease may seem like a mystery at first, but it's a temporary and treatable skin condition. With the right care, the rash fades, and the itching stops. Staying cool, gentle, and patient with the skin is usually enough. Most people go back to normal skin health without much trouble, even if it takes a little time.